TFL Vsebine / Revija Pravnik

3

Družbena pogodba nastane takoj, ko obstoj skupnosti ni več posledica naravne nuje po samoohranitvi. Gre za obliko neizrečenih, vendar molče sprejetih in priznanih določb, ki omogočajo, da se s silo vseh brani in varuje posameznik. Sila vseh sopogodbenikov se je oblikovala v občo voljo in eno ključnih vprašanj družbe je prepoznavanje obče volje oziroma upravljanje skupne sile družbe. V tem kontekstu je družba v odnosu do države, do izvajalcev javne oblasti, prerasla iz sprejemnika oziroma naslovnika v soustvarjalca pri izvajanju javne oblasti. Pogoj za uspešno upravljanje skupne sile v korist vseh je delujoča javnost. Predpostavke delujoče javnosti pa so interes javnosti same, nuja pluralne družbe, s čim večjim številom razpravljajočih delnih družb. Nenehno spreminjanje ali revidiranje družbene pogodbe je v življenjskem interesu družbe in posameznika, ki ga oblikuje in usmerja delujoča javnost demokratične družbe, njen glavni namen pa je zagotavljanje enakovrednih pogojev in enakih možnosti, v okviru naravnih danosti, za vsakega posameznika, člana družbe. Glavni pogoj vsega pa je prav aktiven posameznik.

A social contract comes into being once the existence of a community is no longer the product of a natural urge for self-preservation. It consists of unspoken, yet tacitly accepted and recognised, provisions that enable each individual to be defended and protected by the force of all. The force of all the cocontractors is transformed into a common will, and one of the key issues for society is the recognition—or the management—of this collective force. In this context, in relation to the State and the exercise of public authority, society has evolved from being a mere recipient to becoming a co-creator in that exercise. The prerequisite for successful managing the common force for the benefit of all is a functioning public sphere. Such a sphere requires a clear public interest and a plural society with as many deliberating and participating members as possible. The continual modification or revision of the social contract is in the vital interests of both society and the individual, and is shaped and guided by the functioning public of a democratic society, whose principal purpose is to ensure equal conditions and equal opportunities—within the limits of natural endowments—for every member. The fundamental condition for all this is the active individual.

Social Contract