TFL Vsebine / Revija Pravnik

11

Pravnim subjektom dajejo dispozicije pravnih norm pooblastila, nalagajo dolžnosti in odgovornosti ali izrekajo prepovedi določenega vedenja, ko nastanejo s hipotezo predvidene okoliščine oziroma dejstva iz teh pravnih norm. Subjektivne pravice in dolžnosti določenega vedenja imajo pravne temelje ali podlago v materialnih pravnih normah javnega in civilnega prava. Za vzpostavitev posameznega civilnega pravnega razmerja s subjektivnimi pravicami in obveznostmi za nekatere subjekte sama pravna podlaga ni dovolj, temveč je treba tudi uresničiti vsa dejstva, ki jih materialna pravna norma zahteva kot prvi pogoj za njegov nastanek, spremembo ali prenehanje. V vzročnem kompleksu nastanka ali spremembe kateregakoli civilnega pravnega razmerja sta vedno pravna in dejanska podlaga. Zato je za ugotovitev obstoja posebne subjektivne državljanske pravice in obveznosti nujno tudi dokazilo njene pravne in dejanske podlage. Odločitev o utemeljenosti spora ali utemeljenosti ali neutemeljenosti zahtevka se izkaže za eno najtežjih nalog vseh udeležencev, saj bi morali pravilno in zakonito oceniti vpliv vseh pravnih dejavnikov ali elementov na izid pravdnega postopka. Te sestavine oziroma dejavnike avtor obravnava predvsem z vidika civilnega materialnega prava s poudarkom na njegovi vlogi pri obravnavi civilnega in sodnega spora, na pravni podlagi zahtevka, vsebinski in dejanski podlagi spora ter njegovi vlogi v spornem civilno- pravnem razmerju strank.

With the disposition of legal norms, legal entities are empowered, imposed with duties and responsibilities, or expressly prohibited from certain conduct when the hypothesized facts of those legal norms arise. Subjective rights and duties of a certain conduct find their legal basis or foundation in the substantive legal norms of civil public and private law. To create a certain civil legal relationship with subjective rights and obligations for certain entities the legal basis alone is not sufficient; it is also necessary for all the facts, which are re- quired by the substantive legal norm as prerequisites for its creation, change or termination, to be provided. There is always a legal and factual basis in the causal complex of the emergence or change of any civil legal relationship. Therefore, establishing the existence of a particular subjective civil right and obligation entails the obligatory proof of its legal and factual basis. Deciding on the merits of a dispute, or on the merits or unfoundedness of a claim, proves to be one of the most difficult tasks for all of its participants, since each would have to properly and lawfully assess the impact of all legal factors, or constituents, on the outcome of the litigation. These constituents, or factors, are considered in this article primarily from the perspective of civil substantive law, with emphasis on its role in the treatment of civil and judicial dispute, the legal basis of the claim, the substantive and factual basis of the dispute, and its role in the contentious civil law relationship of the parties.

Significance of Substantive Components in Litigation