TFL Vsebine / Pravni letopis

Ob nenehnem povečevanju števila odškodninskih tožb zoper zdravnike so se v svetu pojavile težnje po vzpostavitvi sistema, v katerem bi bili do odškodnine upravičeni vsi tisti, ki bi bili med zdravljenjem kakorkoli poškodovani. To so tako imenovani sistemi brez krivde (no-fault), v katerih so do odškodnine upravičeni tudi pacienti, ki jim je med zdravljenjem nastala škoda, za nastanek katere pa ne moremo pripisati krivde zdravniku ali drugemu zdravstvenemu osebju. Podrobneje sta obravnavani dve državi, ki sta uvedli posebne odškodninske sisteme za povrnitev škode pacientov, to sta Nova Zelandija, ki je sistem no-fault uvedla že leta 1972, in Švedska, ki ga je uvedla kot prva evropska država leta 1975. Poleg teh dveh je v prispevku na kratko opisana še ureditev v Franciji in Avstriji, ki pa sta odškodninsko shemo no-fault uvedli le za posamezne primere nesreč v zdravstvu. Prispevek se sklene z ugotovitvijo, da morajo optimalni odškodninski sistemi na področju zdravstva delovati tako, da zagotavljajo varno zdravstveno oskrbo in hkrati tudi hitra in pravična denarna nadomestila v primerih, ko do poškodb med zdravljenjem vendarle pride.

In response to the consistently increasing number of damages actions against doctors a number of countries across the globe have expressed interest in establishing a system that allows all patients who suffer an adverse health care outcome to claim compensation. These no-fault systems allow patients to be compensated for medical treatment injuries even when their occurrence cannot be attributed to doctors or other health care providers. The paper takes a closer look at two countries that have introduced special compensation systems for patients, namely New Zealand, which introduced a no-fault system as early as in 1972, and Sweden, which was the first country in Europe to introduce a no-fault system in 1975. It also offers a brief description of the regulation in France and Austria, which introduced a no-fault compensation scheme only for certain medical injury cases. The paper concludes with an argument that the optimal compensation systems in healthcare should provide safe medical care on the one hand and on the other hand ensure prompt and fair financial compensation when medical injuries occur.

Modern Systems Governing Medical Malpractice Liability