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Zakon o ratifikaciji Priloge I k Dopolnilnemu protokolu k ženevskim konvencijam z dne 12. avgusta 1949 o zaščiti žrtev mednarodnih oboroženih spopadov (Protokol I) z dne 8. junija 1977, kot je bila spremenjena 30. novembra 1993 (MPŽKMOS)
OBJAVLJENO V: Uradni list RS (mednarodne) 7-22/2019, stran 205 DATUM OBJAVE: 30.4.2019
VELJAVNOST: od 15.5.2019 / UPORABA: od 15.5.2019
RS (mednarodne) 7-22/2019
Verzija
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Čistopis se uporablja od 15.5.2019 do nadaljnjega. Status čistopisa na današnji dan, 14.2.2026: AKTUALEN.
22. Zakon o ratifikaciji Priloge I k Dopolnilnemu protokolu k ženevskim konvencijam z dne 12. avgusta 1949 o zaščiti žrtev mednarodnih oboroženih spopadov (Protokol I) z dne 8. junija 1977, kot je bila spremenjena 30. novembra 1993 (MPŽKMOS)
Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam
U K A Z
o razglasitvi Zakona o ratifikaciji Priloge I k Dopolnilnemu protokolu k ženevskim konvencijam z dne 12. avgusta 1949 o zaščiti žrtev mednarodnih oboroženih spopadov (Protokol I) z dne 8. junija 1977, kot je bila spremenjena 30. novembra 1993 (MPŽKMOS)
o razglasitvi Zakona o ratifikaciji Priloge I k Dopolnilnemu protokolu k ženevskim konvencijam z dne 12. avgusta 1949 o zaščiti žrtev mednarodnih oboroženih spopadov (Protokol I) z dne 8. junija 1977, kot je bila spremenjena 30. novembra 1993 (MPŽKMOS)
Razglašam Zakon o ratifikaciji Priloge I k Dopolnilnemu protokolu k ženevskim konvencijam z dne 12. avgusta 1949 o zaščiti žrtev mednarodnih oboroženih spopadov (Protokol I) z dne 8. junija 1977, kot je bila spremenjena 30. novembra 1993 (MPŽKMOS), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji dne 16. aprila 2019.
Št. 003-02-4/2019-4
Ljubljana, dne 24. aprila 2019
Borut Pahor predsednik Republike Slovenije
Z A K O N
O RATIFIKACIJI PRILOGE I K DOPOLNILNEMU PROTOKOLU K ŽENEVSKIM KONVENCIJAM Z DNE 12. AVGUSTA 1949 O ZAŠČITI ŽRTEV MEDNARODNIH OBOROŽENIH SPOPADOV (PROTOKOL I) Z DNE 8. JUNIJA 1977, KOT JE BILA SPREMENJENA 30. NOVEMBRA 1993 (MPŽKMOS)
O RATIFIKACIJI PRILOGE I K DOPOLNILNEMU PROTOKOLU K ŽENEVSKIM KONVENCIJAM Z DNE 12. AVGUSTA 1949 O ZAŠČITI ŽRTEV MEDNARODNIH OBOROŽENIH SPOPADOV (PROTOKOL I) Z DNE 8. JUNIJA 1977, KOT JE BILA SPREMENJENA 30. NOVEMBRA 1993 (MPŽKMOS)
1. člen
Ratificira se Priloga I k Dopolnilnemu protokolu k ženevskim konvencijam z dne 12. avgusta 1949 o zaščiti žrtev mednarodnih oboroženih spopadov (Protokol I) z dne 8. junija 1977, kot je bila spremenjena 30. novembra 1993.
2. člen
Besedilo Priloge I se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku in prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi:1
1 Besedilo Priloge I v izvirniku v francoskem jeziku je na vpogled v Sektorju za mednarodno pravo Ministrstva za zunanje zadeve.
1 Besedilo Priloge I v izvirniku v francoskem jeziku je na vpogled v Sektorju za mednarodno pravo Ministrstva za zunanje zadeve.
PROTOCOL ADDITIONAL TO THE GENEVA CONVENTIONS OF 12 AUGUST 1949, AND RELATING TO THE PROTECTION OF VICTIMS OF INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICTS
(PROTOCOL I)
(PROTOCOL I)
ANNEX I
REGULATIONS CONCERNING IDENTIFICATION
(as amended on 30 November 1993)
(as amended on 30 November 1993)
Article 1 – General provisions
1.
The regulations concerning identification in this Annex implement the relevant provisions of the Geneva Conventions and the Protocol; they are intended to facilitate the identification of personnel, material, units, transports and installations protected under the Geneva Conventions and the Protocol.
2.
These rules do not in and of themselves establish the right to protection. This right is governed by the relevant articles in the Conventions and the Protocol.
3.
The competent authorities may, subject to the relevant provisions of the Geneva Conventions and the Protocol, at all times regulate the use, display, illumination and detectability of the distinctive emblems and signals.
4.
The High Contracting Parties and in particular the Parties to the conflict are invited at all times to agree upon additional or other signals, means or systems which enhance the possibility of identification and take full advantage of technological developments in this field.
CHAPTER I – IDENTITY CARDS
Article 2 – Identity card for permanent civilian medical and religious personnel
1.
The identity card for permanent civilian medical and religious personnel referred to in Article 18, paragraph 3, of the Protocol should:
a)
bear the distinctive emblem and be of such size that it can be carried in the pocket;
b)
be as durable as practicable;
c)
be worded in the national or official language and, in addition and when appropriate, in the local language of the region concerned;
d)
mention the name, the date of birth (or, if that date is not available, the age at the time of issue) and the identity number, if any, of the holder;
e)
state in what capacity the holder is entitled to the protection of the Conventions and of the Protocol;
f)
bear the photograph of the holder as well as his signature or his thumbprint, or both;
g)
bear the stamp and signature of the competent authority;
h)
state the date of issue and date of expiry of the card;
i)
indicate, whenever possible, the holder’s blood group, on the reverse side of the card.
2.
The identity card shall be uniform throughout the territory of each High Contracting Party and, as far as possible, of the same type for all Parties to the conflict. The Parties to the conflict may be guided by the single-language model shown in Figure 1. At the outbreak of hostilities, they shall transmit to each other a specimen of the model they are using, if such model differs from that shown in Figure 1. The identity card shall be made out, if possible, in duplicate, one copy being kept by the issuing authority, which should maintain control of the cards which it has issued.
3.
In no circumstances may permanent civilian medical and religious personnel be deprived of their identity cards. In the event of the loss of a card, they shall be entitled to obtain a duplicate copy.
Article 3 – Identity card for temporary civilian medical and religious personnel
1.
The identity card for temporary civilian medical and religious personnel should, whenever possible, be similar to that provided for in Article 2 of these Regulations. The Parties to the conflict may be guided by the model shown in Figure 1.
2.
When circumstances preclude the provision to temporary civilian medical and religious personnel of identity cards similar to those described in Article 2 of these Regulations, the said personnel may be provided with a certificate signed by the competent authority certifying that the person to whom it is issued is assigned to duty as temporary personnel and stating, if possible, the duration of such assignment and his right to wear the distinctive emblem. The certificate should mention the holder’s name and date of birth (or if that is not available, his age at the time when the certificate was issued), his function and identity number, if any. It shall bear his signature or his thumbprint, or both.
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CHAPTER II – THE DISTINCTIVE EMBLEM
Article 4 – Shape
The distinctive emblem (red on a white ground) shall be as large as appropriate under the circumstances. For the shapes of the cross, the crescent or the lion and sun*, he High Contracting Parties may be guided by the models shown in Figure 2.
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* No state has used the emblem of lion and sun since 1980.
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* No state has used the emblem of lion and sun since 1980.
Article 5 – Use
1.
The distinctive emblem shall, whenever possible, be displayed on a flat surface, on flags or in any other way appropriate to the lay of the land, so that it is visible from as many directions and from as far away as possible, and in particular from the air.
2.
At night or when visibility is reduced, the distinctive emblem may be lighted or illuminated.
3.
The distinctive emblem may be made of materials which make it recognizable by technical means of detection. The red part should be painted on top of black primer paint in order to facilitate its identification, in particular by infrared instruments.
4.
Medical and religious personnel carrying out their duties in the battle area shall, as far as possible, wear headgear and clothing bearing the distinctive emblem.
CHAPTER III – DISTINCTIVE SIGNALS
Article 6 – Use
1.
All distinctive signals specified in this Chapter may be used by medical units or transports.
2.
These signals, at the exclusive disposal of medical units and transports, shall not be used for any other purpose, the use of the light signal being reserved (see paragraph 3 below).
3.
In the absence of a special agreement between the Parties to the conflict reserving the use of flashing blue lights for the identification of medical vehicles, ships and craft, the use of such signals for other vehicles, ships and craft is not prohibited.
4.
Temporary medical aircraft which cannot, either for lack of time or because of their characteristics, be marked with the distinctive emblem, may use the distinctive signals authorized in this Chapter.
Article 7 – Light signal
1.
The light signal, consisting of a flashing blue light as defined in the Airworthiness Technical Manual of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Doc. 9051, is established for the use of medical aircraft to signal their identity. No other aircraft shall use this signal. Medical aircraft using the flashing blue light should exhibit such lights as may be necessary to make the light signal visible from as many directions as possible.
2.
In accordance with the provisions of Chapter XIV, para. 4 of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Code of Signals, vessels protected by the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the Protocol should exhibit one or more flashing blue lights visible from any direction.
3.
Medical vehicles should exhibit one or more flashing blue lights visible from as far away as possible. The High Contracting Parties and, in particular, the Parties to the conflict which use lights of other colours should give notification of this.
4.
The recommended blue colour is obtained when its chromaticity is within the boundaries of the International Commission on Illumination (ICI) chromaticity diagram defined by the following equations:
|
green boundary
|
y = 0.065 + 0.805x
|
|
white boundary
|
y = 0.400 – x
|
|
purple boundary
|
x = 0.133 + 0.600y
|
The recommended flashing rate of the blue light is between sixty and one hundred flashes per minute.
Article 8 – Radio signal
1.
The radio signal shall consist of the urgency signal and the distinctive signal as described in the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR Articles 40 and N 40).
2.
The radio message preceded by the urgency and distinctive signals mentioned in paragraph 1 shall be transmitted in English at appropriate intervals on a frequency or frequencies specified for this purpose in the Radio Regulations, and shall convey the following data relating to the medical transports concerned:
(a) call sign or other recognized means of identification;
(b) position;
(c) number of vehicles;
(d) intended route;
(e) estimated time en route and of departure and arrival, as appropriate;
(f) any other information, such as flight altitude, guarded radio frequencies, languages used and secondary surveillance radar modes and codes.
(a) call sign or other recognized means of identification;
(b) position;
(c) number of vehicles;
(d) intended route;
(e) estimated time en route and of departure and arrival, as appropriate;
(f) any other information, such as flight altitude, guarded radio frequencies, languages used and secondary surveillance radar modes and codes.
3.
In order to facilitate the communications referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2, as well as the communications referred to in Articles 22, 23 and 25 to 31 of the Protocol, the High Contracting Parties, the Parties to a conflict, or one of the Parties to a conflict, acting in agreement or alone, may designate, in accordance with the Table of Frequency Allocations in the Radio Regulations annexed to the International Telecommunication Convention, and publish selected national frequencies to be used by them for such communications. The International Telecommunication Union shall be notified of these frequencies in accordance with procedures approved by a World Administrative Radio Conference.
Article 9 – Electronic identification
1.
The Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) system, as specified in Annex 10 to the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation of 7 December 1944, as amended from time to time, may be used to identify and to follow the course of medical aircraft. The SSR mode and code to be reserved for the exclusive use of medical aircraft shall be established by the High Contracting Parties, the Parties to a conflict, or one of the Parties to a conflict, acting in agreement or alone, in accordance with procedures to be recommended by the International Civil Aviation Organization.
2.
Protected medical transports may, for their identification and location, use standard aeronautical radar transponders and/or maritime search and rescue radar transponders.
It should be possible for protected medical transports to be identified by other vessels or aircraft equipped with secondary surveillance radar by means of a code transmitted by a radar transponder, e.g. in mode 3/A, fitted on the medical transports.
The code transmitted by the medical transport transponder should be assigned to that transport by the competent authorities and notified to all the Parties to the conflict.
It should be possible for protected medical transports to be identified by other vessels or aircraft equipped with secondary surveillance radar by means of a code transmitted by a radar transponder, e.g. in mode 3/A, fitted on the medical transports.
The code transmitted by the medical transport transponder should be assigned to that transport by the competent authorities and notified to all the Parties to the conflict.