TFL Vsebine / Revija Javna uprava

Avtor analizira nekatere določbe predloga sprememb in dopolnitev Zakona o javnih agencijah (ZJA) glede vprašanja, ali in v kolikšni meri omejujejo potrebno neodvisnost štirih regulatornih agencij, in sicer Agencije za energijo, Agencije za komunikacijska omrežja in storitve, Agencije za trg vrednostnih papirjev in Agencije za zavarovalni nadzor. Pri tem najprej obravnava vsebinske razloge za neodvisnost regulatornih agencij in opozarja, da so tako glede na svoje naloge kot tudi temeljno vlogo in razmerja do izvršilne veje oblasti regulatorne agencije v povsem drugačnem položaju od javnih agencij po ZJA. V nadaljevanju avtor obravnava različne dimenzije neodvisnosti, in sicer organizacijsko, funkcionalno, personalno, finančno in pravno, ter opozarja na njihovo medsebojno soodvisnost. Le skupaj vse dimenzije zagotavljajo celovito neodvisnost. Avtor tudi poudarja pravne temelje neodvisnosti, ki glede na prakso Ustavnega sodišča temeljijo na 3. členu ustave – delitev oblasti, poleg tega pa opozarja na sekundarno zakonodajo EU, ki zagotavlja neodvisnost navedenim regulatornim agencijam. Z analizo nekaterih sprememb ZJA ugotavlja, da se večinoma zaradi posebne zakonske ureditve v področnih zakonih ne bodo uporabljale za regulatorne agencije, navaja pa tudi nekatere določbe, ki resno omejujejo finančno in personalno dimenzijo neodvisnosti.

The author analyses some provisions of the proposal of amendments to the Public Agencies Act regarding the question whether and how much the influence the independence of four regulatory agencies, namely the Energy Agency, Agency for Communication Networks and Services, Agency for Securities Market and Agency for Insurance Supervision. First, the author presents substantive reasons for independence of regulatory agencies, and points out that regarding their tasks, role and relation to the Executive, the regulatory agencies are in different position form general public agencies under the Public Agencies Act. Further, the author presents different dimensions of independence, namely organisational, functional, personal, financial and legal, and draws attention to their mutual interdependence. Only together, these dimensions guarantee wholesome independence. The author also emphasises legal grounds for independence, citing the Constitutional Court decisions which relate this independence to Art. 3 of the Constitution – the Separation of Powers, and points to the EU secondary legislation which guarantees independence of regulatory agencies. Analysing certain amendments to the Public Agencies Act, the author states that mostly the shall not be applied to regulatory agencies due to special provisions od sectoral legislation, but also points out certain provisions which seriously limit their personal and financial independence.

Some critical remarks on the amedments to the law on public agencies