TFL Vsebine / Revija Pravnik

5

Začasne odredbe imajo v postopkih v pravdah zaradi motenja posesti pomembno vlogo, saj posestniku nudijo hitro in učinkovito zaščito terjatve. Njihov namen je lahko varstvo bodoče uveljavitve terjatve ali začasna ureditev spornega pravnega razmerja. Ker Zakon o izvršbi in zavarovanju ne vsebuje različne ureditve regulacijskih in zavarovalnih začasnih odredb, se je sodna praksa razvila na podlagi odločbe Ustavnega sodišča št. Up-275/97. Poleg obstoja terjatve je pri zavarovanju denarnih terjatev pomemben pogoj subjektivne nevarnosti za njeno uveljavitev, pri zavarovanju nedenarnih terjatev pa poleg objektivne nevarnosti še nevarnost nastanka težko nadomestljive škode ali uporabe sile in tehtanje neugodnih posledic. Vsi pogoji so oblikovani kot pravni standardi, njihovo vsebino pa polni sodišče v vsakem konkretnem primeru. Poleg tega pa sta v postopkih v pravdah glede motenja posesti bistvenega pomena še hitrost in učinkovitost postopkov zavarovanja.

Provisional measures in proceedings in disputes for disturbance of possession have an important role. They provide a proposer with a fast and efficient protection of the claim. Their aim is to secure its future enforcement or a temporary regulation of legal relation in dispute. Because the Claim enforcement and security Act does not govern security and regulatory provisional measures explicitly, the case law for the latter is founded on decision of the Constitutional court of the Republic of Slovenia Up-275/97. Apart from the existence of the claim, when securing a monetary claim, a requirement for a subjective danger for its enforcement is important, and when securing a non-monetary claim, one of three alternatively set conditions: an objective danger, danger for the occurrence of the damage, extremely difficult to repair, or the use of force, and the weighting of adverse consequences. All of the requirements are formed as legal standards and the court interprets their meaning in each concrete case. Apart from that, the speed and effectiveness are also important factors of the security procedures, especially in proceedings in disputes for disturbance of possession.

Provisional Measures in Proceedings in Disputes for Disturbance of Possession