TFL Vsebine / Revija Javna uprava

Zasebnost in varstvo osebnih podatkov z vidika normativno-teoretične opredelitve in še zlasti doslednega izvrševanja predpisov v praksi tako v Sloveniji kot tudi Evropski uniji predstavljata pomembne vidike demokratične oblasti in stremljenja k dobri upravi. Toda doktrinarna razmerja niti med zasebnostjo in varstvom osebnih podatkov niti med pravicami zasebnosti in transparentnosti neredko niso jasna. Prispevek je namenjen definiranju teh konceptov, povezanih pravic in deležnikov, s kombinacijo analize teorije in raziskav, sistemskih predpisov in upravnosodne prakse. Raziskava temelji na izhodišču, da so jasni predpisi ter iz njih izhajajoč domet in postopek uveljavljanja pravic nujen pogoj za učinkovito izvrševanje ciljev normiranja in tako realizacije teh načel. Zato se preverja hipotezi, da zasebnost in varstvo osebnih podatkov v normah in praksi nista enotno opredeljena ter da se zato upravnosodna praksa bolj posveča tehtanju bolj oprijemljivim pravicam glede varstva osebnih podatkov in dostopa do informacij javnega značaja. Rezultati analiz kažejo, da se koncepta zasebnosti in varstva osebnih podatkov včasih razume vzporedno, čeprav z določenim presekom, toda varstvo osebnih podatkov pretežno pomeni (le) podmnožico širšega koncepta oziroma pravic(e) zasebnosti, kot izhaja iz Splošne uredbe o varstvu podatkov in slovenske zakonodaje ter naše in evropske sodne prakse. Zato se tudi v praksi Informacijskega pooblaščenca in slovenskih sodišč bolj ukvarja z razmerjem med varstvom osebnih podatkov in informacijami javnega značaja kot zasebnostjo in varstvom osebnih podatkov. Za sistemsko dobro upravo in izgradnjo demokratične oblasti tako tehtanje le od primera do primera ni optimalno, zato bi bilo treba v prihodnje več pozornosti nameniti konceptualnemu razvoju zasebnosti, v teoriji in praksi.

In terms of normative theoretical definition and, in particular, consistent enforcement of legislation in practice, privacy and personal data protection are recognised as important aspects of democratic government and good administration in both Slovenia and the European Union. However, the doctrinal relations between privacy and personal data protection or between privacy and transparency are often vague. By analysing theory and empirical studies as well as systemic regu lations and administrative case-law, the article aims to provide a definition of the above concepts and of the associated rights and stakeholders. Research draws on the premise that clear regulations, scope and procedure relating to the exercise of rights are a precondition for the effective achievement of the objectives of regulation and thus for the implementation of the related principles. The article tests the hypotheses that, in both regulations and practice, privacy and personal data protection are not consistently defined and that administrative case-law largely focuses on weighing more tangible rights of personal data protection and access to public information. The results of the analyses suggest that, despite certain commonalities, the concepts of privacy and personal data protection are some times understood as parallel. Generally, however, personal data protection (only) means a subset of the broader concept of the rights(s) to privacy, as deriving from the General Data Protection Regulation and Slovenian legislation, as well as Slo venian and European case-law. Therefore, in practice, even the Information Commissioner and the Slovenian courts tend to be more concerned with the relation between personal data protection and public information than with the relation between privacy and personal data protection. In pursuance of good administration and democratic government, such weighing on a case-by-case basis alone is certainly less than ideal. Thus, in future, greater focus should be placed on the conceptual development of privacy, both in theory and practice.

Privacy and Personal Data Protection: Relations between Concepts, Rights and Stakeholders in Slovenia and the EU