TFL Vsebine / Zbornik znanstvenih razprav

Prispevek obravnava dva instituta za varstvo kupčevega ekvivalenčnega interesa pri prodajni pogodbi in razmerje med njima. Medtem ko se je v državah s tržnim gospodarstvom garancija razvila avtonomno, kot prostovoljna dodatna obljuba proizvajalca ali prodajalca o določenih odlikah blaga, je bila v socialističnih državah, tudi v Jugoslaviji, (obvezna) garancija urejena s prisilnimi predpisi, pomen prostovoljne garancije pa obroben. Jamčevanje za stvarne napake in garancija sta obstajala kot dva samostojna, a deloma prekrivajoča se in na poseben način povezana instituta. Slovensko pravo danes pozna dva kogentna sistema varstva kupca: poleg obvezne garancije še kogentno jamčevanje za stvarne napake na podlagi Direktive 99/44/ES o potrošniški prodaji in garancijah. Avtor predlaga odpravo instituta obvezne garancije in krepitev prostovoljne garancije, ki spodbuja tržno konkurenco v korist potrošnikov.

The article deals with two systems for the protection of the basic interest of the buyer in the sales contract and their relationship. Whereas in market economies the guarantee has developed as a voluntary undertaking of the seller or the producer, aimed at communicating the quality of the goods to the consumers, in socialist countries, including Yugoslavia, the guarantee was mandatory and the significance of the voluntary guarantee marginal. In Yugoslav law, liability for defects and guarantee were different, partially overlapping but also linked systems of buyer protection. Slovenian law has kept the mandatory guarantee and added mandatory liability for material defects according to the Consumer Sales Directive. Following the analysis the author proposes abolition of mandatory guarantee and strengthening of the voluntary guarantee.