TFL Vsebine / Revija Pravnik

11

Avtor predstavi vodilne pravne teorije, ki so iz ozadja kot miselne, idejne mreže usmerjale razvoj procesa evropskega povezovanja. Teorije se delijo v tri skupine: mednarodnopravne, države in vmesne teorije sui generis. Vse so vplivale na potek integracije, vendar ne enako. V zadnjem desetletju, ko so se praktični izzivi v obliki hujših kriz zgodovinskih razsežnosti okrepili, pa so te teorije služile tudi oblikovanju različnih političnih vizij prihodnosti EU. Mednarodnopravna teorija je osmislila politično vizijo status quo ante; teorije sui generis napolnjujejo vizijo status quo, prenovljeni EU konstitucionalizem pa daje podlago za razvoj reformne politične vizije EU. Slednja, ki naj bi vodila tudi v oblikovanje resnične politične unije, ki jo EU potrebuje za demokratično legitimacijo vseh svojih pristojnosti, tistih, ki jih že ima in ki bodo nanjo še morale biti prenesene, ima jasne opisne, razlagalne in normativne prednosti pred drugima alternativnima vizijama EU in njunima skupinama teorij. Pod pogojem, da se EU oblikuje kot pluralistična zveza 27 držav in nadnacionalne ravni, povezanih v nedržavno federacijo. Za svoje delovanje pa bi taka pluralistična zveza potrebovala rigorozno integralno teorijo prihodnje zgradbe EU. Oblikovanje slednje je največji intelektualni izziv na področju prava in politik EU.

The author presents the leading theories of the European integration, which have as ideational roadmaps steered the process of integration. The theories are divided into three groups: international law theories, statist theories and the sui generis theories in between. They have all impacted on the process of the European integration, even if not to the same extent. Over the last decade, as the European Union has been riddled by many crises, these theories have also served as a stepping stone for the development of the visions of the future of the EU. The international law theory has thus engendered the status quo ante political vision; sui generis theories breathed life into the status quo vision, while the reformed EU constitutionalism undergirds the reformist political vision of the EU. The latter, which should give rise also to the political union necessary for a democratic legitimation of the competences that the EU currently has and is yet to receive has clear descriptive, explanatory and normative advantages over the alternative political visions of the EU and their underlying theories. Provided, of course, that the EU develops into a union of 27 Member States and the supranational level connected into a non-statist federation. This type of constitutional construction necessitates for its efficient and viable functioning a rigorous integral theory for the future of the EU. It is the latter’s development that presents the greatest intellectual challenge in the field of EU law and politics.

Legal Theories and Political Visions of the Evolution of the European Union