TFL Vsebine / Pravni letopis

Avtor v svojem prispevku obravnava zlasti maksimalno in skupno hipoteko, kot dve najpomembnejši modaliteti hipoteke, ki se pojavljata v naši praksi. Ključna značilnost maksimalne hipoteke je, da ima načelo akcesornosti tu svojstveno vsebino. Maksimalna hipoteka ne varuje posameznih terjatev, temveč okvirno (kreditno) razmerje med upnikom in dolžnikom. To dejstvo ima pomembne posledice glede nastanka, prenosa in prenehanja maksimalne hipoteke. Posebna pozornost je posvečena prenosu terjatev zavarovanih z maksimalno hipoteko, kjer avtor ugotavlja, da so pravila slovenskega prava preveč utesnjujoča. Tako zagovarja uvedbo možnosti (delne) konverzije maksimalne hipoteke v fiksno hipoteko, ki bi med drugim omogočila prenos posameznih terjatev skupaj z zavarovanjem. Podrobneje je obravnavana tudi problematika in vpisovanja in izbrisa skupne hipoteke v zemljiško knjigo, kjer je predstavljena tudi novela ZZK-1A, ki prinaša bistvene poenostavitve postopkov vpisa in izbrisa.

The author deals with the maximal amount mortgage and joint mortgage as two most important mortgage types in the Slovenian legal practice. The former is very specific as regards the principle of accessoriness, since this type of mortgage does not secure individual debts, but the framework (credit) relationship between the creditor and the debtor. This fact has considerable consequences as regards the creation, transfer and extinction of the maximal amount mortgage. Special attention is paid to the issue of transfer of account receivables, secured by this type of mortgage, where the author’s finding is, that the rules of Slovenian law are too narrow. He advocates the introduction of the possibility of a (partial) conversion of a maximal amount mortgage to a fixed amount mortgage, which would, inter alia, enable the transfer of individual account receivables, together with the security. The author also describes the issue of registration of joint mortgage in the Land Register, together with the latest changes of the Land Register Act, which brings about a considerable simplification of the procedures.

Various Types of Mortgage in Slovenian Law