TFL Vsebine / Revija Javna uprava

Ker je želel evropski zakonodajalec s posegi na področje upravnega prava zajeti tiste oddaje javnih naročil in podelitve koncesij, ki vplivajo na notranji trg, je v direktivah s področja javnega naročanja in koncesij jasno zamejil področje uporabe. Tako je nastala razmeroma preprosta shema: če javno naročilo oziroma koncesija spada na področje uporabe direktive, se uporabi pravo Evropske unije (EU), v nasprotnem primeru pa se uporabi nacionalno pravo. V to shemo je poseglo Sodišče EU in odločilo, da se za javna naročila in koncesije, ki izpadejo s področja uporabe direktiv, vendar imajo gotov čezmejni interes, kljub temu uporabljajo temeljna pravila in splošna načela Pogodbe o delovanju EU. S tem je Sodišče EU vzpostavilo tako imenovani test čezmejnega interesa, vendar mu ga v skoraj dvajset letih še ni uspelo povsem opredeliti. Avtor podrobno analizira vzpostavitev in uporabo testa čezmejnega interesa v sodni praksi Sodišča EU ter opozarja na številne nejasnosti in dileme, ki lahko nastanejo ob njegovi uporabi. Sklepno oblikuje tudi sistematičen test presoje skladnosti postopka oddaje javnega naročila oziroma podelitve koncesije z zahtevami primarnega prava EU.

Since the European legislator, by intervening in the field of administrative law, wanted to cover those public procurement and concession awards which have an impact on the internal market, it confined the scope of the public procurement and concessions directives. This approach resulted in a relatively straightforward framework: if a public contract or concession falls within the scope of the directive, European Union (EU) law applies; otherwise national law prevails. The Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) has intervened in this scheme and ruled that the public contracts and concessions which fall outside the scope of the directives but which are of certain cross-border interest are nevertheless subject to the fundamental rules and general principles of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU. The CJEU thus established the so-called cross-border interest test, but has not yet been able to define it fully in almost twenty years. The author analyses in detail the establishment and application of the cross-border interest test in the case law of the CJEU and highlights a number of ambiguities and dilemmas that may arise in its application. Finally, he proposes a systematic test to assess whether a public procurement or concession award procedure complies with the primary EU law requirements.

Cross-Border Interest Test: The Gordian Knot of the Application of EU Law in the Field of Public Procurement and Concessions