TFL Vsebine / Pravni letopis

Umetna inteligenca je ena od tehnologij, ki naj bi bistveno zaznamovale prihodnost. V svojem bistvu je umetna inteligenca zmožnost stroja, da izkazuje človeške lastnosti, kot so mišljenje, učenje in načrtovanje. Umetna inteligenca omogoča tehničnim sistemom, da zaznavajo okolje, obdelajo, kar zaznajo, in rešijo problem, pri čemer ravnajo v skladu z določenim ciljem. Še posebej pomemben je vpliv umetne inteligence na zdravstvo, saj bi z njenim napredkom lahko preprečili marsikatero napačno diagnozo. Umetna inteligenca že spreminja način, kako se zdravniki lotevajo reševanja kliničnih problemov. Nekateri algoritmi se lahko celo kosajo z zdravniki, še vedno pa jih ni mogoče popolnoma samostojno vključiti v vsakodnevno zdravstveno prakso, so pa ti že postavljeni v vlogo pomočnika. Čeprav ti algoritmi pomembno vplivajo na učinkovitost zdravljenja in zdravstvenih posegov, obstajajo še nekatera regulativna in etična vprašanja, na katera je treba predhodno poiskati odgovore. Med temi je tudi pravno vprašanje odškodninske odgovornosti zdravstvenih delavcev in proizvajalcev tehnologije umetne inteligence. Prispevek tako obravnava izbrana vprašanja s tega področja in predlaga nekatere rešitve za take težave. Umetna inteligenca nedvoumno prinaša veliko več prednosti kot slabosti, vendar jo je treba ustrezno pravno regulirati, da bi se zagotovila ustrezna pravna varnost vseh udeležencev.

Artificial intelligence is one of the technologies expected to significantly shape our future. In its essence, artificial intelligence is the ability of a machine to exhibit human characteristics such as thinking, learning and planning. Artificial intelligence enables technical systems to detect the environment, process what they detect and solve the problem by acting in accordance with specific objectives. Of particular importance is the impact of artificial intelligence on healthcare as the further development of AI could prevent many misdiagnoses. Artificial intelligence is already influencing the way doctors approach different clinical problems. Some algorithms are even able to compete with physicians, but it is still not possible to include them in everyday medical practice on their own. They can, however, be placed in the role of assistant. Although these algorithms significantly affect the effectiveness of treatment and medical interventions, there are still some regulatory and ethical issues that need to be addressed in order to find answers. Among these is the legal issue of liability for damages that affects healthcare professionals and artificial intelligence technology manufacturers. This article ad- dresses selected issues in this area and contains some suggested solutions for such problems. Artificial intelligence unequivocally brings many more advantages than disadvantages, but appropriate legal regulations are needed to ensure adequate legal certainty for all participants.

Civil law aspects of artificial intelligence in medicine