TFL Vsebine / Revija Poslovodno računovodstvo

V kontekstu omejevanja širjenja COVID-19 v letu 2020 so v ospredje ponovno stopila razmerja med državo in občinami tudi na področju varnosti. Zanimalo nas bo, ali je država je v času epidemije prenesla nekatere svoje varnostne pristojnosti na občine? Ker je preprečevanje širjenja COVID-19 tudi lokalno-varnostna zadeva, smo jo analizirali v tem prispevku. Prispevek prikazuje dejansko stanje predpisovanja, obravnavanja in sankcioniranja prekrškov na občinski ravni v času širjenja COVID-19. Prispevek je pripravljen z uporabo metode kvalitativne analize sprejetih ukrepov občin, gramatikalne razlage občinskih predpisov in teleološke razlage obsega pooblastil prekrškovnih organov (ratio legis predmetne ureditve) in z študijo primerov nekaterih občin. V analizi smo razdelali pravno moč občin pri predpisovanju in sankcioniranju prekrškov povezanih z epidemijo. Vlada Republike Slovenije je dvakrat razglasila epidemijo, in sicer prvič 12. 3. 2020 do 30. 5. 2020 (prvi val) in drugič 19. 10. 2020 za obdobje 30 dni (drugi val). V skladu z ukrepi Vlade Republike Slovenije so morale ravnati tudi občine. V raziskavi smo prikazali ukrepe posameznih občin v posameznih fazah epidemije. V sklepni razpravi smo razmejili delovanje občinskih varnostnih organov po občinskih predpisih od delovanja kot pomožnih organov v podporo državni inšpekciji, pristojni za sankcioniranje prekrškov povezanih s COVID-19.

In the context of limiting the spread of COVID-19 in 2020, relations between the state and municipalities have also come to the fore in the area of safety. The question is: in the time of the epidemic, has the state transferred some state-security powers to municipalities? Since the prevention of the spread of COVID-19 is also a local-safety matter, we analyzed it in this paper. This paper shows the actual state of prescribing and dealing with sanctions of misdemeanours at the municipal level during the expansion of COVID-19. Research for this paper is prepared using different research methods, i.e., the method of qualitative analysis of the measures adopted by municipalities, the grammatical interpretation of municipal regulations, the teleological interpretation of the scope of the powers of the criminal authorities (ratio legis of the subject matter) and the case study of certain municipalities. In our analysis, we analyzed the legal power of municipalities in prescribing and sanctioning epidemic-related offenses. The Government of the Republic of Slovenia has twice declared an epidemic, for the first time, from 12.3.2020 to 30.5.2020 (first wave) and secondly from 19.10.2020 for a period of 30 days (second wave). In accordance with the measures of the Government of the Republic of Slovenia, municipalities also had to act. The survey showed the actions of individual municipalities at each stage of the epidemic. In the final debate, we demarcated the functioning of the municipal safety authorities according to municipal regulations from the operation as subsidiary authorities in support of the state inspection responsible for sanctioning offences related to COVID-19.