TFL Vsebine / Revija Revus

Članek analizira pravne negotovosti glede uporabljivosti mednarodnega humanitarnega prava v mirovnih operacijah. Medtem ko danes ni več dvoma, da mednarodno humanitarno pravo načeloma lahko ureja pravice in obveznosti mirovnih sil, kadar se te znajdejo v situaciji oboroženih spopadov, so še naprej nerešena nekatera vprašanja glede pogojev in obsega uporabe mednarodnega humanitarnega prava v mirovnih operacijah ratione personae in ratione materiae, med njimi: uporabljivost mednarodnega humanitarnega prava v mirovnih operacijah pod vodstvom mednarodne organizacije, opredelitev praga oboroženega spopada, natančen obseg pravil, ki se uporabljajo v mirovnih operacijah (pravo mednarodnih ali nemednarodnih oboroženih spopadov) ter uporabljivost pravil vojaške zasedbe v mirovnih operacijah. Daljša verzija članka bo v angleškem jeziku objavljena v zborniku prispevkov bienalne konference Evropskega združenja za mednarodno pravo, ki bo izšel sredi leta 2009.

Peace operations were traditionally designed to avoid fighting, that is to prevent resumption of hostilities in the area of operation in a non-aggressive and impartial way rather than through combat operations. However, contemporary peace operations are frequently deployed in volatile operational settings, where violence is ongoing or hostilities may resume, and where the local authorities are unable to effectively maintain security and public order. As a result, these operations are increasingly granted broad and robust enforcement powers by the Security Council acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter and more frequently and themselves engaged in hostilities with local governmental or non-governmental forces on the ground.